- A Stomata that are sometimes thought to be structurally oriented to open mainly in a downward direction toward the soil
- B Stomata in pits or crypts in the leaf surface, creating a humid microenvironment that reduces transpiration in dry habitats
- C Stomata that are sometimes thought to be located mainly on root tissue rather than on the leaf surface itself
- D Stomata that are sometimes thought to have permanently lost most function and remain closed under nearly every condition
Correct answer: B. Stomata in pits or crypts in the leaf surface, creating a humid microenvironment that reduces transpiration in dry habitats
Explanation: Xerophytic plants (desert plants like Pinus, Nerium) have sunken stomata in pits/crypts below the leaf surface. Trapped humid air in the pit reduces the water vapor concentration gradient between the leaf and atmosphere, reducing transpiration rate.
Concept context
Internal tissue organisation: meristems, permanent tissues (xylem, phloem, parenchyma), and secondary growth. Frequently tested in NEET.