- A Absorb water and minerals through specialized root hair cells
- B Protect the root meristem as it pushes through soil
- C Conduct water and dissolved minerals upward through xylem vessels
- D Perform photosynthesis using chlorophyll in root plastids
Correct answer: B. Protect the root meristem as it pushes through soil
Explanation: The root cap is a thimble-like structure at the root tip that protects the delicate meristematic cells as the root pushes through soil. It also secretes mucilage to reduce friction.
Concept context
Internal tissue organisation: meristems, permanent tissues (xylem, phloem, parenchyma), and secondary growth. Frequently tested in NEET.