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In dicot stems, vascular bundles are arranged in a ring and are conjoint, collateral, and open. What does 'conjoint' mean?

  • A Xylem and phloem occur as largely separate bundles
  • B Xylem and phloem are in the same vascular bundle
  • C The bundle contains two distinct xylem groups facing outward
  • D The bundle consists mainly of undifferentiated cambium cells

Correct answer: B. Xylem and phloem are in the same vascular bundle

Explanation: Conjoint means xylem and phloem occur together in the same vascular bundle. Collateral means phloem is on the outside and xylem on the inside of the same bundle. This is the typical arrangement in dicot stems.

Concept context

Internal tissue organisation: meristems, permanent tissues (xylem, phloem, parenchyma), and secondary growth. Frequently tested in NEET.

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