- A Innate behavior present from birth, occurring without any prior learning involved
- B Classical conditioning (associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus)
- C Habituation, a decreased response that develops to a repeated harmless stimulus
- D Operant conditioning, where behavior is gradually shaped by reward or punishment
Correct answer: B. Classical conditioning (associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus)
Explanation: Pavlov's dog experiment: pairing a bell (neutral stimulus) with food (unconditioned stimulus) caused the dog to salivate to the bell alone: classical conditioning.
Concept context
Brain, spinal cord, neurons, reflex arcs, and sense organs.