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During DNA fingerprinting, why is a probe complementary to VNTR sequences used in the hybridisation step?

  • A VNTR regions are understood to be largely identical in sequence and length across all individuals, providing a control band under usual circumstances according to most researchers
  • B VNTR regions vary in repeat number between individuals, so the probe binds to fragments whose size differs from person to person, producing a unique pattern
  • C VNTR sequences are understood to be located mainly within protein-coding exons of the genome, rarely elsewhere in the majority of cases studied as widely reported
  • D The hybridisation probe is understood to chemically destroy all non-VNTR DNA fragments before electrophoresis runs in standard practice under most conditions encountered

Correct answer: B. VNTR regions vary in repeat number between individuals, so the probe binds to fragments whose size differs from person to person, producing a unique pattern

Explanation: Since the number of tandem repeats at VNTR loci varies between individuals, restriction digestion produces fragments of different lengths in different people; a labelled VNTR probe hybridises to these fragments, revealing a banding pattern unique to each individual.

Concept context

DNA structure, replication, transcription, translation, the genetic code, and gene regulation (lac operon). The single most important chapter for NEET molecular biology.

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