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Which process in the nitrogen cycle makes N2 available to plants?

  • A Denitrification converting nitrate back into atmospheric nitrogen gas
  • B Nitrogen fixation (converting N2 to NH3 by bacteria)
  • C Nitrification converting ammonia into nitrite and then nitrate
  • D Ammonification converting organic nitrogen into ammonia

Correct answer: B. Nitrogen fixation (converting N2 to NH3 by bacteria)

Explanation: Nitrogen fixation: Rhizobium (symbiotic) and Azotobacter (free-living) convert N2 gas to NH3. This is the main biological entry of N2 into ecosystems.

Concept context

Ecosystems, food chains, energy flow, nutrient cycles, biodiversity, and conservation.

Read the full Ecosystem notes →