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Which process in the nitrogen cycle makes N<sub>2</sub> available to plants?

Answer: Nitrogen fixation (converting N 2 to NH 3 by bacteria).

  • A Denitrification converting nitrate back into atmospheric nitrogen gas
  • B Nitrogen fixation (converting N<sub>2</sub> to NH<sub>3</sub> by bacteria)
  • C Nitrification converting ammonia into nitrite and then nitrate
  • D Ammonification converting organic nitrogen into ammonia

Correct answer: B. Nitrogen fixation (converting N<sub>2</sub> to NH<sub>3</sub> by bacteria)

Explanation: Nitrogen fixation: Rhizobium (symbiotic) and Azotobacter (free-living) convert N<sub>2</sub> gas to NH<sub>3</sub>. This is the main biological entry of N<sub>2</sub> into ecosystems.

Energy Pyramid (10% Law)Carnivore~10 unitsHerbivore~100 unitsProducer~1000 unitsOnly about 10% of energy passes to the next trophic levelFood chain: Grass to Deer to Tiger

Energy pyramid showing a simple food chain (producer to herbivore to carnivore) with energy decreasing roughly tenfold at each trophic level.

Concept context

Ecosystems, food chains, energy flow, nutrient cycles, biodiversity, and conservation.

Read the full Ecosystem notes →