- A ATP hydrolysis alone, independent of any ion movement across the membrane
- B Na+/K+ ATPase pump and selective ion permeability
- C Voltage-gated calcium channels opening transiently during depolarization
- D Passive protein channels alone, without any active pumping mechanism
Correct answer: B. Na+/K+ ATPase pump and selective ion permeability
Explanation: Resting potential (-70 mV in neurons) is maintained by Na+/K+ ATPase pump (active) plus the much higher permeability of K+ than Na+ (passive).
Concept context
Cell theory, prokaryotic vs eukaryotic cells, organelles and their functions. Foundation of all biology.