- A Renin cleaves angiotensinogen to Ang I, ACE converts to Ang II, Ang II stimulates aldosterone secretion from adrenal cortex
- B Renin is converted directly into aldosterone by hepatic liver enzymes without any intermediate steps under most conditions encountered
- C Aldosterone secreted by the adrenal cortex stimulates juxtaglomerular cells to release more renin as frequently observed in practice
- D ACE inhibitors bind angiotensin II receptors directly to amplify overall RAAS signaling activity in many documented cases
Correct answer: A. Renin cleaves angiotensinogen to Ang I, ACE converts to Ang II, Ang II stimulates aldosterone secretion from adrenal cortex
Explanation: RAAS: renin (from JG cells) cleaves angiotensinogen to angiotensin I. ACE (in lungs) converts Ang I to Ang II. Ang II: vasoconstricts + stimulates aldosterone (zona glomerulosa) → Na+/water retention.
Concept context
Nitrogenous waste, kidney structure, urine formation in the nephron, and hormonal regulation of excretion.
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