- A Extracting and consuming every available natural resource as rapidly as technically and economically possible in routine practice
- B Meeting present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (Brundtland definition, 1987)
- C Continually expanding national industrial output without much regard for long-term resource consumption limits overall in most cases
- D Converting nearly all remaining available land area into intensive, large-scale agricultural production zones under typical conditions
Correct answer: B. Meeting present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (Brundtland definition, 1987)
Explanation: Sustainable development (Brundtland Commission, 1987): 'Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.' Involves balancing economic, social, and environmental needs. Key principles: resource conservation, pollution reduction, renewable energy, biodiversity protection.
Concept context
Pollution, global warming, ozone depletion, deforestation, and sustainability. Important for NEET and general awareness.