- A Mainly large-scale chromosomal rearrangements, such as inversions and reciprocal translocations between non-homologous chromosomes
- B Single base mutations in specific genes (e.g., sickle cell, cystic fibrosis) by differential hybridization under stringent conditions
- C Mainly large, multi-exon gene deletions that are readily and easily detectable using ordinary standard PCR techniques
- D Mainly the mere presence of foreign viral DNA sequences that have become integrated within the host cell genome
Correct answer: B. Single base mutations in specific genes (e.g., sickle cell, cystic fibrosis) by differential hybridization under stringent conditions
Explanation: ASO hybridization: oligonucleotide probes designed to match wild-type or mutant allele. Under stringent conditions (Tm), only perfect match hybridizes. Used for point mutation diagnosis.
Concept context
Recombinant DNA, GMOs, PCR, CRISPR, and biotechnology applications. Growing importance in NEET.
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